The eyes are not merely windows to the outside world; they are also focal points through which others glimpse our inner spirit. Yet why, despite being part of the face, do they age more visibly than other features? As the most delicate skin on the eyelids and periorbital area, this region features intricate structures working in concert. How does the supporting framework of the periorbital bones exert its force?

1. Skin layer

One of the thinnest areas of skin on the body, with a thin stratum corneum and sparse distribution of sebaceous and sweat glands, resulting in a fragile natural lipid barrier. Consequently, its barrier function is weak, making it prone to dryness and sensitivity, susceptible to UV damage, and the first area where wrinkles appear.

2. Subcutaneous tissue layer

Composed of loose connective tissue and minimal fat, this area is exceptionally thin and lax, lacking stable support. Blood vessels and lymphatic vessels readily dilate and stagnate here, leading to dark circles (vascular or structural) and morning puffiness.

3. Muscle layer

Including the orbicularis oculi muscle (circular, responsible for closing the eyes and facial expressions) and the levator palpebrae superioris muscle (responsible for opening the eyes), the physical pressure from their frequent daily contractions forms the mechanical basis for dynamic wrinkles (crow's feet). Muscle aging and laxity directly lead to skin sagging.

4. Subcutaneous Cellulite Layer

This is a loose fibrous space that provides sufficient sliding room for muscle movement, and also serves as the region for the passage of nerves and blood vessels and the distribution of fat pads.

5. Fibrous layer/orbital septum

Composed of thickened fascial tissue, it forms a crucial barrier around the eyes. This elastic structure attaches to the orbital rim on one side and connects to the eyelid on the other, enveloping the vital orbital fat pad. Loosening, weakening, or tearing of this layer can cause fat protrusion, leading to the formation of eye bags.

6. Posterior orbital fat layer

The orbital fat is divided into several fat pads by fibrous septa, serving to cushion, protect, and fill the eye socket. When this volume is lost or displaced, it forms the anatomical basis for the development of sunken eyes and the formation of eye bags.

7. Tarsal plate layer

The bony framework of the eyelid consists of dense connective tissue and specialized sebaceous glands, providing structural support and maintaining the eyelid's shape. Meibomian glands secrete oils that form the outermost layer of the tear film, preventing excessive evaporation of tears. This area is a key factor influencing the development of dry eye syndrome.

8. Conjunctival layer

A smooth, transparent mucous membrane closely adhering to the inner surface of the eyelid and the front of the eyeball, capable of secreting mucus to lubricate the surface of the eyeball.

Although the skin around the eyes consists of multiple layers, it remains extremely delicate and requires special attention in skincare.

1. Prone to wrinkles

Because muscles require high-frequency exercise, coupled with thin skin.

Focus on moisturizing and anti-wrinkle care while avoiding excessive rubbing.

2. Dark circles and puffiness

The subcutaneous tissue is loose, with a rich network of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.

Ensure adequate sleep quality and utilize external massage to promote blood and lymphatic circulation.

3. Eye Bags and Sagging

Caused by laxity of the orbital septal fibrous layer combined with fat displacement.

Skincare products can offer limited improvement for structural eye bags, with prevention being key through sun protection and antioxidants.

4. Barrier is weak and prone to sensitivity

The stratum corneum is thin and fragile, and the sebum barrier is compromised.

Use gentle products specifically designed for the eye area to avoid irritation.

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